Strategi Penerapan Smart Mobility untuk Mengurangi Kemacetan: Studi Komparasi di Tiga Ibu Kota Negara Asean
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58797/pilar.0401.04Keywords:
ASEAN, kemacetan, mobilitas cerdas, sistem transportasi cerdas, urbanisasi perkotaanAbstract
Abstract
Rapid urbanization in Southeast Asia has exerted significant pressure on urban transportation systems, particularly in metropolitan cities such as Jakarta, Bangkok, and Metro Manila. These cities face structural congestion problems driven by high population mobility, heavy dependence on private vehicles, and limited intermodal integration. This article aims to analyze and compare Smart mobility strategies implemented in the three capitals to mitigate traffic congestion. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach through a literature review, examining scientific publications, policy reports, and relevant secondary data from 2020 to 2024. The findings indicate that Jakarta excels in public transport integration through the jaklingko system; Bangkok demonstrates strengths in the application of artificial intelligence and big data-based smart transportation technologies under the Thailand 4.0 framework; while Metro Manila focuses on public transport modernization and the deployment of traffic monitoring systems based on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This comparative analysis reveals that the effectiveness of Smart mobility implementation is highly dependent on policy coherence, digital infrastructure readiness, and inter-agency coordination. The article offers strategic recommendations for strengthening smart transportation policies in the ASEAN region and highlights opportunities for future research on big data integration and real-time transportation system evaluation based on public participation.
Abstrak
Urbanisasi yang pesat di kawasan Asia Tenggara telah memberikan tekanan signifikan terhadap sistem transportasi perkotaan, khususnya di kota-kota metropolitan seperti Jakarta, Bangkok, dan Metro Manila. Ketiga kota tersebut menghadapi permasalahan kemacetan struktural yang dipicu oleh tingginya mobilitas penduduk, ketergantungan pada kendaraan pribadi, serta lemahnya integrasi antarmoda transportasi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan strategi Smart mobility yang diterapkan di ketiga ibu kota tersebut dalam upaya mengurangi kemacetan lalu lintas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, melalui penelaahan dokumen ilmiah, laporan kebijakan, dan data sekunder terkini dalam rentang tahun 2020–2024. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Jakarta menonjol dalam integrasi moda transportasi publik melalui sistem JakLingko; Bangkok unggul dalam pemanfaatan teknologi transportasi cerdas berbasis kecerdasan artifisial dan big data dalam kerangka Thailand 4.0; sementara Metro Manila berfokus pada modernisasi transportasi umum serta penerapan sistem pengawasan lalu lintas berbasis Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Studi perbandingan ini mengungkap bahwa keberhasilan implementasi Smart mobility sangat ditentukan oleh keterpaduan kebijakan, kesiapan infrastruktur digital, serta efektivitas koordinasi antarlembaga. Artikel ini memberikan rekomendasi strategis bagi penguatan kebijakan transportasi cerdas di kawasan ASEAN serta membuka peluang penelitian lanjutan terkait integrasi big data dan evaluasi sistem transportasi secara real-time berbasis partisipasi publik.
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